"Why" is a hard question to answer in this case!
I don't know "why" other than to say that's how the programmers that
developed the formula parser wrote it to work.
When using a comparison operator and referring to a reference (which might
also be another function) You have to concatenate the operator to the
reference (with certain functions, COUNTIF being one of those):
=COUNTIF(A1:A5,">="&C1)
=COUNTIF(A1:A5,">="&DATE(2008,5,12))
If you tried this:
=COUNTIF(A1:A5,">=C1")
Then it evaluates ">=C1" as the literal TEXT string >=C1
But, if the comparison criteria is a hard coded constant you just enclose
both the operator and criteria in quotes (although concatenation will still
work):
=COUNTIF(A1:A5,">=10")
=COUNTIF(A1:A5,">="&10)
When testing for equality then no operator is required but it still works if
you do include it:
=COUNTIF(A1:A10,10)
=COUNTIF(A1:A10,"=10")
=COUNTIF(A1:A10,"="&10)
These are nuances of Excel that you learn and get used to over time!

Signature
Biff
Microsoft Excel MVP
> Hi Biff,
> Just jumping in...
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>>
>> Format as GENERAL or NUMBER
Dave - 16 May 2008 03:11 GMT
Hi Biff,
Thanks for your detailed reply. Countif is amazingly useful, and it's good
to know its "nuances"
Regards - Dave.
> "Why" is a hard question to answer in this case!
>
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>
> These are nuances of Excel that you learn and get used to over time!
T. Valko - 16 May 2008 03:40 GMT
You're welcome. Thanks for the feedback!

Signature
Biff
Microsoft Excel MVP
> Hi Biff,
> Thanks for your detailed reply. Countif is amazingly useful, and it's good
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>>
>> These are nuances of Excel that you learn and get used to over time!
Dano - 16 May 2008 20:56 GMT
Fellas thanks a lot that will help me out!
Dan
> You're welcome. Thanks for the feedback!
>
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> >>
> >> These are nuances of Excel that you learn and get used to over time!
Dano - 16 May 2008 22:27 GMT
Ok I have another question with this same thing here . . .
Say the dates in A1 thru A5 remain the same. I add the following column :
E1 = "Done"
E2 = "Open"
E3 = "Open"
E4 = "Done"
E5 = "Done"
and I want to know how many cells in this range are earlier than or equal to
5/25/08 but later than or equal to 5/12/08 and only count the cells that have
"Done" in column E? Should be 2 but how would you constuct a formula for
that?
Thanks a lot for your help.
Dan
> Fellas thanks a lot that will help me out!
>
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> > >>
> > >> These are nuances of Excel that you learn and get used to over time!
T. Valko - 17 May 2008 03:32 GMT
Try this:
G1 = 5/12/2008
H1 = 5/25/2008
I1 = Done
=SUMPRODUCT(--(A1:A5>=G1),--(A1:A5<=H1),--(E1:E5=I1))

Signature
Biff
Microsoft Excel MVP
> Ok I have another question with this same thing here . . .
> Say the dates in A1 thru A5 remain the same. I add the following column
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>> > >>
>> > >> These are nuances of Excel that you learn and get used to over time!
Dano - 19 May 2008 16:33 GMT
Alright that works perfect!
Thanks again!
> Try this:
>
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> >> > >>
> >> > >> These are nuances of Excel that you learn and get used to over time!
T. Valko - 19 May 2008 17:28 GMT
You're welcome!

Signature
Biff
Microsoft Excel MVP
> Alright that works perfect!
> Thanks again!
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>> >> > >> These are nuances of Excel that you learn and get used to over
>> >> > >> time!