Maybe.

Should a cell be selected after you type that text value in a certain column?

Or should a cell be selected when you select a cell in that row -- and the text
value in that other cell already exists???

I'm gonna guess that you type the value in column A.  Then you select a cell in
the same row.

If you want to try:

Right click on the worksheet tab that should have this behavior.  Select view
code and paste this into the code window that opens up.

Option Explicit
Private Sub Worksheet_Change(ByVal Target As Range)

   Dim myOffset As Long
   
   If Target.Cells.Count > 1 Then Exit Sub
   If Intersect(Target, Me.Range("a:a")) Is Nothing Then Exit Sub
   
   On Error GoTo errHandler:
   
   myOffset = 0
   Select Case LCase(Target.Value)
       Case Is = "a": myOffset = 1
       Case Is = "b": myOffset = 3
       Case Is = "x": myOffset = 18
   End Select
   
   If myOffset <> 0 Then
       Application.EnableEvents = False
       Target.Offset(0, myOffset).Select
   End If
   
errHandler:
   Application.EnableEvents = True

End Sub

You'll have to change the values and offsets (18 means move to the right 18
columns).  And the values that get typed into column A, too.

Then back to excel to test it out.

If you're new to macros, you may want to read David McRitchie's intro at:
http://www.mvps.org/dmcritchie/excel/getstarted.htm

If you want to read more about these kinds of events:

Chip Pearson's site:
http://www.cpearson.com/excel/events.htm

David McRitchie's site:
http://www.mvps.org/dmcritchie/excel/event.htm