Here is how I would do this....

With your data in columns A-C, create defined names as follows (assume
Sheet1 and header row in row 1):

NmList  refers to:  =OFFSET(Sheet1!$A$2,0,0,COUNTA(Sheet1!$A:$A)-1)
SubjList  refers to:  =OFFSET(NmList,0,1)
GradeList  refers to:  =OFFSET(NmList,0,2)
NmSubMatch  refers to:  =NmList&"|"&SubjList

In F1:H1, I had the unique subjects as headers
In E2 and down, I had the names of the students.

Select cell F2 and insert the following name
NameSubj   refers to:  =Sheet1!$E2&"|"&Sheet1!F$1

In the body of the table, I used the following formula
=INDEX(GradeList,MATCH(NameSubj,NmSubMatch,0))

for all entries.

I formatted the cells as General;General;   (note the second semicolon)

to allow for grades not filled in to remain blank (the formula will
return a zero).

Entries not found will return a #N/A error unless you change the
formula to something like:

=IF(ISNA(MATCH(NameSubj,NmSubMatch,0)),"",INDEX(GradeList,MATCH(NameSubj,NmSubMatch,0)))

or, if you define the following name
MatchNameSubj  refers to:  =MATCH(NameSubj,NmSubMatch,0)

You get the following result

=IF(ISNA(MatchNameSubj),"",INDEX(GradeList,MatchNameSubj))

There are simpler ways of doing this, but this is flexible and dynamic.

HTH,
Jay