One way:
Asssuming that your data starts in row 2
Sub this()
   For i = Cells(Rows.Count, 1).End(xlUp).Row To 2 Step -1
       With Cells(i, 1)
           If i <> 2 Then .EntireRow.Insert shift:=xlDown
           .Offset(1, 0).Value = "%"
           .Offset(1, 1).FormulaR1C1 = "=R[-1]C/R[-1]C[3]*100"
           .Offset(1, 2).FormulaR1C1 = "=R[-1]C/R[-1]C[2]*100"
           .Offset(1, 3).FormulaR1C1 = "=R[-1]C/R[-1]C[1]*100"
           .Offset(1, 4).FormulaR1C1 = "=sum(RC[-3]:RC[-1]"
       End With
   Next i
End Sub

Public Sub ProcessData()
Dim i As Long
Dim iLastRow As Long

   With ActiveSheet

       iLastRow = .Cells(.Rows.Count, "A").End(xlUp).Row
       For i = iLastRow To 1 Step -1
           .Rows(i + 1).Insert
           .Cells(i + 1, "A").Value = "%"
           .Cells(i + 1, "B").Value = .Cells(i, "B").Value / .Cells(i,
"E").Value * 100
           .Cells(i + 1, "C").Value = .Cells(i, "C").Value / .Cells(i,
"E").Value * 100
           .Cells(i + 1, "D").Value = .Cells(i, "D").Value / .Cells(i,
"E").Value * 100
           .Cells(i + 1, "E").Value = 100
       Next i

   End With

End Sub

try this
Sub percentoftotal()
mc = 1
For i = Cells(Rows.Count, mc).End(xlUp).Row To 2 Step -1
'MsgBox Cells(i, mc)
For j = 1 To 4
Cells(i + 1, mc + j) = _
Format(Cells(i, mc + j) / Cells(i, mc + 4), "0.00%")
Next j
Rows(i).Insert
Next i
Rows(2).Delete
End Sub

Thank You one and ALL..  I did ask you to not make it tooo easy...  Could
have thought about it longer and made me feel better...  Just kidding...
Have to go to work - will run it tonight and extend it out for all 13
columns.  I can at least do that part with the start I have now..  Thank You
again
This is where I start
Act     10   12    8    30
Bud      9   12    9    30

Trying to get here
Act     10     12        8        30
%       33.3   40.0    26.7    100.0
Bud    9        12       9         30
%       30.0    40.0   30.0    100.0

Large worksheet so trying to do a macro I can manually run (CTL+q) going to
second line, insert row, calculate each number based on the total number.
Tried several times, got line to insert, calculated first value, then it
went haywire.  Not sure if should try again using the R1C1 system or not.
Small favor - please do not make it look toooooo easy.