Getting information about the "current" numbering (from a certain
style) can be as easy as using a STYLEREF field; see Word Help for
more.

If you need a macro solution, there are several possibilities:

To get information about the number formatting of the *current*
paragraph, you can use the techniques presented at
http://word.mvps.org/faqs/numbering/ListString.htm.

You can apply the tips of that article to the current heading level by
using the "\headinglevel" bookmark. For example:

x = ActiveDocument.Bookmarks("\headinglevel") _
.Range.ListFormat.ListString

If you want to locate a *specific* heading level, though, a more
advanced approach is needed. One way would be the following: Starting
at the currently selected paragraph, you can use the Previous method
(Paragraph class) to loop backwards, paragraph by paragraph (without
changing the selection), until the desired heading level/numbering
level is found, and retrieve its numbering properties, as above.

I'm not sure if this is the only and/or best approach, though. If you
don't get a "more complete" answer here, you might want to ask in a
programming newsgroup instead.