Not easily. You could add a blank page at the end of the dissertation (call
it page 100) and then tell Word to print pages 1, 100, 2, 100, 3, 100...
Obviously, this is much too tedious to be feasible.

Some other possibilities:

1. Scale to paper size A5 (if available), but feed A4/Letter. This would
likely result in the text being printed at the top of a portrait page rather
than the side of landscape, but it would still provide usable note area.

2. If this is Word 2002 or 2003, allow a large percentage of the page for
balloons (at one time I figured out the percentage needed to give half a
page with the orientation set to "Force Landscape," but I don't recall what
it was) and then insert at least one comment (it can be empty).

FWIW, the usual way to deal with manuscripts in revision is to print them
double- or triple-spaced with wide margins.